The comedogenic scale is ranked by how likely it is that any specific ingredients, such as oils and butters used in cosmetic product formulation, will clog pores. Anyone who is susceptible to acne breakouts and blackheads should avoid highly comedogenic oils, as they are likely to cause recurring acne problems. However, people with drier skin might prefer a more emollient oil toward the middle of the scale.
コメドジェニックスケールは、化粧品の処方に使用されるオイルやバターなどの特定の成分が毛穴を詰まらせる可能性によってランク付けされます. にきびの発生や黒ずみの影響を受けやすい人は、繰り返しのにきびの問題を引き起こす可能性があるため、コメドジェニック性の高いオイルを避ける必要があります. ただし、肌が乾燥している人は、スケールの中間にあるよりエモリエントなオイルを好むかもしれません.
Oleic Acid
Oleic acid accounts for about 40% of the components of sebum. Therefore, it is very easily absorbed into the skin, has excellent hydration and moisturizing effects, and penetrates deep into the skin, making it excellent for working on the skin. It also makes the skin more flexible.
オレイン酸
皮脂の成分のうち40%ほどを占めるオレイン酸。そのため肌に非常に馴染みやすく、水分補給や保湿効果にも優れている上にお肌の奥深くまで浸透しますので肌への働きかけに優れています。肌も柔軟になります。
Linoleic acid
Despite its disadvantage of being easily oxidized, linoleic acid is highly effective for the skin and is considered an important ingredient for skin care. It has skin-repairing, skin-regenerating, and moisturizing properties. It is also important for keeping skin soft, supple, and youthful. Linoleic acid is very beneficial in protecting the skin from air pollution and dryness, and in moisturizing the skin, as it is an important component of ceramide.
Acne-prone skin may have too much oleic acid, and the use of macadamia nut oil, which is high in oleic acid, can make acne worse. In such cases, use oils with high linoleic acid content, such as hazelnut. If you normally use macadamia nut or sweet almond oil, oils containing linoleic acid may be used topically only in areas with acne.
リノール酸
酸化しやすいという欠点はあるものの、リノール酸はお肌への有効性が高く、スキンケアの為に重要な成分と言われています。皮膚修復作用、皮膚再生作用、保湿作用があります。また、肌を柔らかくしなやかに、若々しく保つために重要です。というのもリノール酸は肌の重要な構成要素セラミドを構成しており、大気汚染や乾燥から皮膚を守ることや保湿に置いて非常に有益です。
ニキビが出来る方のお肌にはオレイン酸が多すぎることがあり、そこに対してオレイン酸が多いマカダミアナッツオイルなどを使用すると余計にニキビがひどくなってしまいます。そういった時はヘーゼルナッツなど、リノール酸を多く含むオイルを使用しましょう。普段はマカダミアナッツやスイートアーモンドオイルを使用されている方は、リノール酸を含むオイルはニキビのある場所限定で局所的に使われても良いと思います。
Iodine value is the number of grams of iodine (I2) that can be added to 100 grams of fat or oil. Iodine reacts with double bonds in fatty acids. Therefore, the iodine number is determined by the fatty acids contained in the oil and the number of double bonds in the fatty acids.
Based on the iodine number of an oil, there is a classification system that divides oils into three categories
Dry oils: iodine value of 130 or higher
These are oils and fats with an iodine value of 130 or higher. Fats and oils with a high iodine number are called dry oils. A high iodine number means that the fat or oil has more double bonds in it = more unsaturated fatty acids = more susceptible to oxidation. These fats and oils oxidize and solidify in air. Once solidified, they have a different structure and cannot be melted again like wax.
Semi-drying oil: Iodine value 100 to 130
These are oils and fats with an iodine value of 100 to 130. Semi-dry oils have an intermediate iodine value. They react to oxidation in air but do not solidify completely.
Non-drying oil: Iodine value less than 100
These are oils and fats with an iodine value of less than 100. Non-drying oils are relatively stable due to their low iodine value. They hardly solidify in air. Low iodine value means that there are fewer double bonds in fats and oils = less unsaturated fatty acid content = less susceptible to oxidation.
ヨウ素価とは、「油脂100gに付加できることができるヨウ素(I2)のg数」を表します。ヨウ素は、脂肪酸の中の二重結合に付加反応をします。そのため、そのオイルの中にどんな脂肪酸が含まれていて、さらにその脂肪酸の中に二重結合がどれくらいあるかによって、ヨウ素価の数値が決定されます。
油脂のヨウ素価の数値によって、3つに分類する分類法があります。
乾性油:ヨウ素価130以上
ヨウ素価130以上の油脂です。ヨウ素価の数値が高い油脂は乾性油と呼ばれます。ヨウ素価が高いということは、油脂内に二重結合が多い=不飽和脂肪酸の含有量が多い=酸化しやすい、ということになります。空気中で酸化し、固まる油脂です。一度固まったものは、違う構造の物質になっているので、ワックスのようにまた溶かすことはできません。
半乾性油:ヨウ素価100~130
ヨウ素価100~130の油脂です。半乾性油は、中間のヨウ素価を持ちます。空気中で酸化の反応はするけれど、完全には固まらない油脂です。
不乾性油:ヨウ素価100未満
ヨウ素価100未満の油脂です。不乾性油はヨウ素価が低いので、比較的安定しています。空気中で殆ど固まりません。ヨウ素価が低いということは、油脂内に二重結合が少ない=不飽和脂肪酸の含有量が少ない=酸化しにくい、ということになります。
Carrier Oils (キャリアオイル) | Comedogenic Rating (コメドジェニックスケール)毛穴に詰まりやすい度 | Oleic Acid(オレイン酸)保湿、乾燥防止、乾燥肌に | Linoleic Acid (リノール酸)保湿、アンチエイジ、ニキビ箇所に。酸化しやすい | Lodine Value (ヨウ素価)酸化しやすい度 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abyssinian Seed Oil | 0 | 15% | 13% | 85-95 |
Acai Berry Oil | 2 | 52% | 11% | 60-90 |
Almond Oil, Sweet | 2 | 75% | 20% | 93-105 |
Apricot Kernel Oil | 2 | 66% | 29% | 104-112 |
Argan Oil | 0 | 45% | 35% | 96-99 |
Avocado Oil | 2 | 60% | 14% | 65-95 |
Babassu Oil | 2 | 16% | 4% | 10-17 |
Baobob Seed Oil | 2 | 36% | 30% | 76-68 |
Black Currant Seed Oil | 1 | 14% | 48% | 160-175 |
Black Cumin Seed Oil | 2 | 20% | 50% | 107-123 |
Borage Oil | 2 | 15% | 41% | 140-155 |
Brazil Nut Oil | 2 | 35% | 40% | 90-110 |
Broccoli Seed Oil | 1 | 13% | 13% | 90-120 |
Buriti Oil | 2 | 74% | 5% | 50-75 |
Camellia Seed Oil | 1 | 84% | 6% | 80-87 |
Castor Oil | 1 | 3% | 4% | 81-91 |
Cherry Kernel Oil | 2 | 32% | 41% | 95-115 |
Chia Seed Oil | 3 | 5% | 20% | 190-199 |
Cocoa Butter | 4 | 34% | 3% | 33-42 |
Coconut Oil | 4 | 6% | 2% | 7-10 |
Cottonseed Oil | 3 | 20% | 50% | 101-117 |
Elderberry Seed Oil | 2 | 13% | 37% | 170-190 |
Evening Primrose Oil | 3 | 7% | 74% | 147-155 |
Grapeseed Oil | 1 | 17% | 71% | 123-143 |
Hazelnut Oil | 1 | 83% | 9% | 83-90 |
Hemp Seed Oil | 0 | 11% | 57% | 143-166 |
Jojoba Oil | 2 | 15% | 5% | 78-90 |
Kiwi Seed Oil | 1 | 15% | 17% | 180-220 |
Kukui Nut Oil | 2 | 25% | 40% | 136-175 |
Macadamia Nut Oil | 3 | 48% | 3% | 74-76 |
Mango Butter | 2 | 41% | 7% | 40-60 |
Marla Oil | 4 | 70% | 0% | 70-80 |
Meadowfoam Seed Oil | 1 | 1% | 0% | 90-102 |
Moringa Oil | 4 | 76% | 1% | 65-72 |
Neem Oil | 2 | 44% | 18% | 65-85 |
Olive Oil | 2 | 73% | 9% | 78-90 |
Palm Oil | 4 | 40% | 10% | 49-55 |
Passionfruit (Maracuja) Seed Oil | 2 | 13% | 73% | 130-145 |
Peach Kernel Oil | 2 | 67% | 24% | 94-110 |
Peanut Oil | 2 | 58% | 21% | 85-90 |
Perilla Oil | 2 | 15% | 14% | 196-206 |
Plum Kernel Oil | 2 | 69% | 20% | 90-120 |
Pomegranate Seed Oil | 1 | 7% | 3% | 210-250 |
Pumpkin Seed Oil | 2 | 34% | 47% | 113-134 |
Red Raspberry Seed Oil | 1 | 11% | 54% | 160-195 |
Rice Bran Oil | 2 | 42% | 30% | 89-108 |
Rosehip Seed Oil | 1 | 13% | 43% | 152-169 |
Safflower Oil (High Linoliec) | 0 | 10% | 78% | 140-150 |
Sea Buckthorn Oil | 1 | 13% | 36% | 60-70 |
Sesame Seed Oil | 3 | 40% | 45% | 100-120 |
Shea Butter | 2 | 49% | 5% | 50-70 |
Soybean Oil | 5 | 24% | 52% | 125-140 |
Sunflower Seed Oil | 2 | 30% | 55% | 118-145 |
Tamanu Oil | 2 | 41% | 29% | 99-108 |
Walnut Seed Oil | 2 | 16% | 60% | 135-151 |
Watermelon Seed Oll | 1 | 14% | 65% | 97-128 |
Wheat Germ Oil | 5 | 19% | 55% | 115-28 |